How does hydrogen peroxide primarily control algae?

Hydrogen peroxide primarily controls algae through its ability to act as an oxidizing agent, which disrupts cellular functions in the algae. When hydrogen peroxide is introduced into the aquatic environment, it generates reactive oxygen species that can damage the cellular structures of algae. This oxidative stress makes it difficult for algae to maintain their metabolic processes, ultimately leading to their decline.

While controlling planktonic algae is an essential aspect of managing aquatic ecosystems, hydrogen peroxide's direct action against algae is through this oxidation process rather than merely targeting other types of aquatic plants or indirectly affecting oxygen levels. This method is particularly effective against various types of algal blooms, particularly those floating in the water column (planktonic algae), which can significantly impact water quality by producing toxins or reducing available sunlight for submerged plants.

Thus, the focus on controlling planktonic algae accurately reflects how hydrogen peroxide functions in managing algal populations in aquatic environments.